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Syed Ata Ullah Shah Bukhari
Syed Ata Ullah Shah Bukhari〔Syedah Umm-e-Kafeel, ''Syedi-wa -abi'', (Multan: Maktabah Ahrar, Bukhari academy, 2007) vol.1, P.5〕 (23 September 1892 – 21 August 1961), was a Muslim Hanafi Deobandi Scholar, religious and political leader〔Chaudhry Afzal Haq, ''Tarikh-e-Ahrar'', (Lahore:Maktabah Majlis-e-Ahrar, 1940) P.47〕 from the Indian subcontinent. He was one of the Majlis-e-Ahrar-e-Islam's founding members. His biographer, Agha Shorish Kashmiri, states that Bukhari's greatest contribution had been his germination of strong anti-British feelings among the Indian Muslims.〔Samina Awan, ''Political islam in colonial Punjab Majlis-e-Ahrar 1929–1949'', P.153, Politics of Islamic symbolism, The MAI: Politics of Personalities, Oxford university Press〕 He is one of the most notable leader of the Ahrar movement which was associated with opposition to Muhammad Ali Jinnah and establishment of an independent Pakistan as well as persecution of the Ahmadiyya Movement in Islam.
==Birth and education==
Born in Patna, British India, in 1892, he received his early religious education in Gujrat, Pakistan and learned the Qur'an by heart from his father Hafiz Syed Ziauddin.〔Shorish Kashmiri, ''Syed Ata Ullah Shah Bukhari'' (Lahore: Maktaba-i-Chattan, 1969), vol. 1, p. 19.〕 He migrated to Amritsar in 1914 when he was 22 years old. He completed his early education by subscribing to a purist view of Islam, and remained associated with the Deoband School in Saharanpur district. Bukhari began his career as a religious preacher in a small mosque in Amritsar, and taught the Quran for the next 40 years.〔Shorish Kashmiri, ''Syed Ata Ullah Shah Bukhari'' (Lahore: Chattan, 1978)〕 He shared friendship with a section of socialists and communists but did not accept their ideology completely.〔Samina Awan, ''Political islam in colonial Punjab Majlis-e-Ahrar 1929–1949, P.154'', Politics of Islamic symbolism, The MAI: Politics of Personalities, Oxford university Press〕 He was ‘imbued with a brilliant exposition of romantic socialism, and led Muslims to a restlessness activism'.〔Wilfred Cantwell Smith, Modern Islam in India, p. 277.〕 He studied the Sahih Bukhari〔Janbaz Mirza, ''hayat-e-ameer-e-shariyat'', (Lahore: Maktaba-i-Tabsra, 1968), p. 14.〕 in jail when he was imprisoned for an anti-government religious speech.
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